基于嵌入式汇编角位移变换器的设计

为满足飞行器舵机轴角位移信号测量、变换及数字传输，研制了一种嵌入式汇编角位移变换器。该变换器可接收中心程序指令，启动单片机微控制器，按照时序要求采集角位移传感器的输出信号，经过信号处理后进行数字化传输。通过产品研制，提高了产品的线性度，使这一重要性能指标达到0.05%，优于飞行器系统0.14%的使用要求。     

激光干涉正弦法小角度测量中有关问题探讨

分析了小角度正弦激光干涉仪的有关特性，叙述了这种方法的测量原理，计算了几种因素对测量准确度的影响，指出提高测量准确度的解决办法。     

Validation of the in-flight calibration procedures for the MICROSCOPE space mission

The MICROSCOPE space mission aims to test the Equivalence Principle with an accuracy of 10^-15${10}^{-15}$. The drag-free micro-satellite will orbit around the Earth and embark a differential electrostatic accelerometer including two cylindrical test masses submitted to the same gravitational field and made of different materials. The experience consists in testing the equality of the electrostatic acceleration applied to the masses to maintain them relatively motionless. The accuracy of the measurements exploited for the test of the Equivalence Principle is limited by our a priori knowledge of several physical parameters of the instrument. These parameters are partially estimated on-ground, but with an insufficient accuracy, and an in-orbit calibration is therefore required to correct the measurements. The calibration procedures have been defined and their analytical performances have been evaluated. In addition, a simulator software including the dynamics model of the instrument, the satellite drag-free system and the perturbing environment has been developed to numerically validate the analytical results. After an overall presentation of the MICROSCOPE mission, this paper will describe the calibration procedures and focus on the simulator. Such an in-flight calibration is mandatory for similar space missions taking advantage of a drag-free system.     

基于星载加速度计反演载人航天轨道大气密度

热层大气密度直接影响低轨道航天器的精密定轨,热层大气密度模型的误差是影响载人航天定轨精度的关键因素。选取400km为载人航天轨道的代表高度,利用CHAMP卫星数据修正热层大气密度模型,进而反演得到2002年的热层大气密度,统计其中长期变化特征,并分析大气密度与太阳活动和地磁活动的关系,得出热层大气密度与两种指数的总体变化趋势一致的结论,且地磁活动与大气密度的相关性更好。同时将大气密度的反演值与神舟三号飞船的实测密度值进行对比,结果显示二者有较好的一致性,其平均残差和均方根误差分别为0．03和0．24,并且地磁平静期的误差明显小于磁暴期。结果表明,利用星载加速度计数据反演载人航天轨道大气密度是一种有效的方法。     

一种精密离心机误差分析与精度评定方法

介绍了用于线加速度计精密离心试验的精密离心机设备各项误差的来源和定义。详细分析了精密离心机各项误差在线加速度计离心机试验中对仪表给定加速度精度的影响并给出了具体的计算方法。在线加速度计精密离心机试验中,可根据每个误差项的具体来源和影响,对误差项进行补偿或忽略,以提高测试精度和降低试验难度。对于计入的误差项,可计算出具体的数值,从而综合确定出精密离心机设备对整个测试实验的不确定度影响。通过研究精密离心机误差模型,找到了提高精密离心机给定加速度输入精度的途径,给出了工程化的用于精密离心机精度评定的方法。     

数字式光栅测量系统角速率测量不确定度评定

简述了数字式光栅测量系统结构及其角速率测量方法,分析了该系统测量转台角速率的各影响量,评定了其角速率测量不确定度。     

ICP加速度传感器恒定电流对其灵敏度的影响

在振动与冲击测试中,ICP加速度传感器应用较为广泛,而传感器灵敏度是其最基本的指标之一。实际使用时,ICP加速度传感器通常都会配有信号调节仪,该调节仪为ICP加速度传感器提供恒定电流,不同的信号调节仪所提供的恒定电流也会有所不同。在不同恒定电流情况下,传感器灵敏度是否随之变化,如何变化？针对这一问题我们展开讨论。     

Improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered surfaces

Because space-borne radiometers do not measure the Earth’s outgoing fluxes directly, angular distribution models (ADMs) are required to relate actual radiance measurement to flux at given solar angle, satellite-viewing geometries, surface, and atmospheric conditions. The conversion of one footprint broad-band radiance into the corresponding flux requires therefore one to first characterize each footprint in terms of surface type and cloud cover properties to properly select the adequate ADM.

A snow (and sea-ice) retrieval technique based on spectral measurements from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat 8 is presented. It has been developed to improve the scene identification and thus the ADM selection in the near-real time processing of the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) data at the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium. The improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered scene types resulting from angular conversion using dedicated snow ADMs (e.g., empirical snow ADMs and/or pre-computed theoretical snow ADM) instead of empirical snow-free ADMs is discussed.     

General Relativity Accuracy Test (GReAT): New configuration for the differential accelerometer

We presents the results of an activity concerning the test of the Einstein Weak Equivalence Principle with an accuracy of about 5 × 10⁻¹⁵. The experiment will be performed in an “Einstein elevator” using a differential accelerometer with a final sensitivity of about 10⁻¹⁴ g_⊕/Hz^1/2. The differential accelerometer is spun about an horizontal axis at a frequency in the range 0.5–1 Hz in order to modulate, during the free fall, the signal from a possible violation of the Equivalence Principle. In the paper the perturbing effects with the same signature of the possible violation are analyzed and constrained. The experimental results obtained in the laboratory with a first prototype of the differential accelerometer are discussed, comparing this results with those obtained using a new prototype.     

一种摆式大量程加速度计的设计

介绍了一种摆式大量程加速度计的工作原理.基于经典控制理论完成了加速度计各环节数学模型的建立,对加速度计悬丝支承、力矩器、位移传感器、伺服电路等部件进行了说明,阐述了该大量程加速度计的技术特点.